This research investigates the patterns of pictorial narrative of tomb wall decoration in the vicinity of Saqqara in Old Kingdom Egypt and the Central Plain in Han China by applying a comparative perspective. Before the comparison, the scenes of wall decoration are decomposed into smaller visual components and then coded. The coded result of the visual data are in a hierarchy of compositions: visual components form a visual compound; visual compounds compose a visual program; and visual programs constitute a visual narrative. A decorated wall can contain one or several visual narratives. Meanwhile, the hierarchical structure is given an epistemological meaning parallel to the linguistic morpho-syntax, so that the analysis of the visual data can be methodologically supported by the latter. Furthermore, the structure is based on the images of human figure as the focused founding unit. Also, this founding unit and its agencies make the measuring basis of the comparison. To observe the differences and similarities of the functionalities of the visual narratives in diverse aspects, three comparative approaches are practiced in the two corpuses of visual data. The statistic approach, surveying the complexity of the distribution of the visual narratives, reveals a shared pattern of conformities of the complexity. The gestalt approach looks into the dynamics of the visual narratives circulating in tombs and explains the differences of their patterns of movements in the scenes in the two corpuses. The narratological approach deals with the theoretical adaptation of G. Prince's Narratology into the visual data, which activates a potential of promoting the system of coding visual data into a level of discourse analysis of comparison. Last, to conduct a more detailed comparative investigation, with an emphasis on the agencies of the images of the tomb owner and their interaction with other visual narratives, the three approaches are applied in the case study of one specific theme of transportation on land.